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GARAY Profile The Garay alphabet, created to write the Wolof language, which is spoken in the Gambia and Mauritania, and is the most widely spoken language of Senegal, is one of many African writing systems invented as a response to colonialism.Amdy Diop, the new social media coordinator for the script, gave this account of the creation of Garay by Assane Faye. “In 1961, on the first anniversary of Senegal’s independence from France, the president, Léopold Sédar Senghor, went on the radio and called on all Africans in general, and Senegalese in particular, to ‘gather stones and build this new country.’ “This made [Assane Faye] reflect on what was missing, or what he could do to help. “Next day he went to the beach in his village, which was called Yen, and as he passed a cave called Garay — the word means “the whiteness of the cotton flower,” as the interior of the cave was white — a vision struck him and he began writing on the sand. He called to his friend to bring him something to write on, and that’s how the alphabet came into existence.” The resulting script shows Arabic influence in being written from right to left. Assane Faye continued teaching the script on a small-scale, face-to-face fashion over the decades. Charles Riley visited him in 2009: “Continuing overland from Guinea, I took public transport into the Tambacounda region of Senegal, where for a couple of days, I collected some audio interviews with my old village and some of the neighboring villages. Since I’d last been in the area twelve years ago, a rural hospital and several ecotourism camps had been established, but the environmental pressures from overgrazing left some pretty apparent changes on the landscape. I continued onto Dakar from there, and touched base with Assane Faye, inventor of the Garay script he developed for Wolof in 1961. He has been offering lessons in it to hundreds of people over the years, translated the Koran using it, and has a house filled with dozens of unpublished handwritten texts, some of which have been cited in secondary sources, but with little or no bibliographic control. We worked together to digitize five of his texts, and the next day a previously scheduled outdoor press conference outside his home was held to discuss the history and usage of the script.” Subsequently the script seems to have moved from being a linguistic cottage industry to something more contemporary. Garay now has a font, a Facebook page and a YouTube channel with teaching videos. Diop acknowledged that the script is still used by a small number of Wolof speakers, but “hopefully with technology, the newer generation like us will be able to do something about it.” A side note: it is possible that English has inherited some words from Wolof: “banana,” via Spanish or Portuguese, and “yum” or “yummy,” from the Wolof nyam, to taste.
Garay alphabet Language Download PDF Watch Edit The Garay alphabet was designed in 1961, as a transcription system "[marrying] African sociolinguistic characteristics" according to its inventor, Assane Faye. This alphabet has 25 consonants and 14 vowels.[1] It is used in particular for the writing of the Wolof language, spoken mostly in Senegal, although it is more often written in the Latin alphabet. It is written from right to left, and distinguishes letter case. Garay Garay (Système d'écriture).jpg Script type alphabet Creator Assane Faye Created 1961 Direction Right to left Languages Wolof This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. A proposal to encode Garay in Unicode was submitted in 2012. References Edit ^ The Garay alphabet can contribute to the rebirth of Africa, according to its inventor , Birane Hady Cissé, on fr.allafrica.com (April 21, 2009, accessed November 7, 2018). Bibliography Edit Everson, Michael (April 26, 2012). Preliminary proposal for encoding the Garay script in the SMP of the UCS (PDF). Pandey, Anshuman (May 9, 2011). Introducing the Wolof Alphabet of Assane Faye (PDF). External links Edit Discover Garay, Movement of Teachers of African Languages in Senegal (MELAS). James, Ian (March 2012). "Garay script of Wolof". SkyKnowledge.com. "Wolof (Wollof)". Omniglot
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BBC Leye: Football boardroom attitudes remain 'sad and bizarre' By Samindra Kunti Football Writer Last updated on 15 March 202115 March 2021. From the section Sport Africa Standard Liege's Senegalese coach Mbaye Leye Senegal's Mbeye Leye took over at Standard Liege in January Attitudes in elite-level football boardrooms towards black coaches remain "sad and bizarre", Standard Liege's Senegalese manager Mbaye Leye has said. While African footballers have been thriving on the pitch for elite clubs across Europe for decades, Leye is one of only three former African internationals to ever have made the leap into coaching at the same level. The other two are Lito Vidigal, a former Angolan international, and Ndubuisi Egbo, the ex-Nigeria goalkeeper. And while footballers have been a focal point of the Black Lives Matter campaign, Leye said he believed that football's multicultural image is not reflected off the pitch. "I find it sad and bizarre that on the field we have a multicultural image, with all kinds of persons, but that is not translated to the touchline," Leye, who took over at Standard Liege in January, told BBC Sport Africa. "Responsibility is not given to everyone. I have often said that an African, a black, person isn't just made to execute, we are also made to manage." A club with values Even as a journeyman during his 12-year playing career in Belgium - at Ghent, Standard, Lokeren, Eupen and Excelsior Mouscron - Leye was keenly aware that coaching opportunities for Africans were rare. In the 18-team Belgian top flight, diversity in the dug-out is limited. A number of Africans do hold key coaching roles - such as former Tunisia international Radhi Jaidi, assistant coach at Cercle Brugge. More broadly, Charleroi are coached by Karim Belhocine, a Frenchman of Algerian origin, and Anderlecht by Vincent Kompany, the former Manchester City captain with family from DR Congo. Former Standard Liege coach Michel Preud'homme (right) with Mbaye Leye Leye assisted Michel Preud'homme (right) when the former Belgium goalkeeper was coach of Standard Liege "Standard is a club that defends its values," said Leye. "'No to racism' is not something that is simply said by the president and the people at the club. Here, it's never been a question of my colour - it was a question of saying: 'Mbeye can do the job: we are going to give it to him'." Even so, in June last year, Standard decided against appointing Leye, who had been an assistant to former Belgium goalkeeper Michel Preud'homme, in favour of French coach Philippe Montanier. The club offered Leye the role of Under-21 coach, but the Senegalese - who had been prepared by Preud'homme to take over the senior role - decided not to accept the demotion and instead left Standard. He took six months out of football, only to return in historic circumstances. "An African player who has been an international and who is a coach at a European club - that is almost unheard of," Leye said. "Maybe we Africans start off with a little handicap because there aren't many people who have already done the job in the past. "Maybe you have less chances to get the job because it has even become normal not to have an African player or a player of colour become a coach. In that sense when you want to become a coach somewhere, there is a path that you can follow." Start early Mbaye Leye (left) with his wife Sandrine when he won Belgium's Ebony Shoe award in 2013 Leye with wife Sandrine when he won Belgium's Ebony Shoe award in 2013, the year he began his coaching training Leye began his plans to be a coach in 2013, six years before his playing career ended, the same year he won the Belgian Pro League's Ebony Shoe award for the country's best African player or player of African heritage. His first steps were to get his Uefa B license, often engaging with his coaches in the twilight of his playing career. On midweek nights, he also dissected European Champions League matches as a TV analyst for a Belgian audience. "You have to have a vision when you are still a player," Leye explained. "Often we make the mistake of waiting until the end of your career to say: 'I want to be a coach or I want to be a consultant'. "When you want to become a coach whether it's at a big club or in an average club, you have to prepare during your career as football player and have the idea. You don't have to wait until your 35th birthday to say: 'what am I going to do?' Then, it's too late." Societal problem In the early stages of his coaching career, Leye said he believes that the glass ceiling for Africans in the game is a societal problem that requires a focus on education. "It is sad that it is 2021 and you still talk about racism," he explained. "You talk about situation of the superiority of skin colour. There is a big problem in educating people. Some people still have a closed mind and others are afraid of what they don't know. "It is especially the parents and the school who could help to translate the diversity of the football field to the office. There are also a lot of African, Asian and other students who do not have the work they deserve in relation to their studies. "It's like in football where you can find competent coaches, who are Africans or of any colour but who do not have a job. Today's society is like that."
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