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Africa 54 - June 29, 2021 Africa 54, your daily news and feature magazine-style program, from the Voice of America. Host Esther Githui-Ewart and a team of correspondents zero in on the big stories making news on the continent and around the world with context and analysis. Top Stories: The Ethiopian government has declared a unilateral cease-fire in its Tigray region as its former governing party and troops entered the regional capital, Mekelle, prompting cheers from residents. U.S. Secretary of State Anthony Blinken says the United States strongly supports an Italian initiative to focus on Africa in the fight against Islamic State. David Doyle reports. Public gatherings in the Eastern Congo city of Beni on Tuesday are banned for a second straight day. This action comes after two separate bombings. Authorities say a suicide bomber detonated his explosives at a busy intersection in Beni on Sunday, the same day another explosion rocked a Catholic church. Restaurants and businesses in Cape Town on Monday were closed and streets were mostly deserted on the first day of South Africa’s return to a harder COVID-19 lockdown. A third wave of COVID-19 infections, which scientists say is driven by the Delta variant first found in India, is spreading through a population where less than four percent of the people have yet to be partly vaccinated. South African President Cyril Ramaphosa on Sunday announced the bevy of measures, including suspending the sale of alcohol and halting dining inside restaurants for two weeks to minimize the impact of the new wave. Tanzanian President Samia Suluhu Hassan says her government is expected to spend $470 million dollars buying vaccines, other medical equipment and supporting economic sectors hit hard by COVID-19. Since Hassan took office after the death of President John Magufuli in March, the government has changed its position from playing down the pandemic, to calling for social distancing and emphasizing mask wearing in public. Worldwide, more than 75 million people clean, cook and provide care in private homes, according to the International Labor Organization. Their work is often demanding, informal and unregulated, but that could be changing. About fifty million people worldwide are suffering from Alzheimer's Disease, according to the World Health Organization. Alzheimer’s is an irreversible progressive brain disorder that slowly leads to memory loss, destroys thinking skills, and prevents people from carrying out simple tasks. Alzheimer's often affects people aged 65 and older, but early-onsets of the disease can start as young as 30. Indonesia is struggling with another peak of COVID-19. Infections topped two million in June, with the Delta variant driving the current surge. And as the county’s pediatricians point out, 1 out of 8 of confirmed cases are found in children and the fatality rate among children is the highest in the world. The coronavirus pandemic has forced millions of Syrian refugees living in Turkey deeper into poverty, with many having to take on large debts, according to aid agencies. In Alaska, The Homer Ice Racing Association has been organizing car races across a frozen lake every weekend for its members and spectators since 1955. Rafael de la Uz talks to one of the members, about her beginnings in ice car racing.
Africa 54 - June 28, 2021 Africa 54, your daily news and feature magazine-style program, from the Voice of America. Host Esther Githui-Ewart and a team of correspondents zero in on the big stories making news on the continent and around the world with context and analysis. Top Stories: In East Africa, where three employees working for the Spanish branch of Medecins Sans Frontieres have been killed by unknown perpetrators in Ethiopia's Tigray region, according to the medical charity. MSF-Spain said in a statement Friday, it lost contact with a vehicle carrying the team on Thursday afternoon. A local security official says an estimated 30 people are dead following an Al-Shabaab attack on a town in the country's semi-autonomous state of Galmudug. The insurgents used car bombs in the assault on a military base in Galmudug's Wisil town, located in central Somalia, triggering a fight with government troops and armed locals. The United Nations is strongly condemned the attack on one of its Temporary Operating Bases in the Gao Region in Mali. The assault left 15 peacekeepers from Germany injured, according to preliminary UN reports. UN spokesperson Stephane Dujarric said in a press briefing on Friday, that a casualty evacuation process was underway. Authorities say suspected suicide bomber was blown up in the Democratic Republic of Congo on Sunday when his improvised explosive device was detonated in a busy intersection in eastern city of Beni. It was the second blast in Beni on the same day. No one was killed in the two incidents apart from the suspected bomber in the second blast. Earlier on Sunday, another explosive device was detonated in a Catholic church in Beni, injuring several people. So far, no one is claiming responsibility. Beni's mayor says a curfew has been declared in the city of more than 230 thousand over concerns that there could be another bombing attack. Hollywood actress and special envoy for the UN's refugee agency Angelina Jolie is praising Burkina Faso's efforts in helping people displaced by Islamist militants. But rights activists say Burkinabe authorities have also been fueling the conflict with hundreds of detentions without charge and even extrajudicial killings. South Africa are tightening COVID-19 restrictions for 14 days because current containment measures are insufficient to cope with the speed and scale of new infections. The announcement was made by President Cyril Ramaphosa in a televised address on Sunday. The country, the worst-hit on the African continent in terms of recorded cases and deaths, is in the grip of a "third wave" of infections. It recorded almost 18-thousand new cases on Saturday approaching the peak of daily infections seen in a second wave in January. Under the new measures, all gatherings are prohibited, there will be a curfew from 9 pm to 4 am and the sale of alcohol is being banned. Schools are closing and restaurants will only be able to sell food for takeaway or delivery. A Nigerian man who was persecuted in his home country for being gay found refuge in the United States. Now Edafe Okporo runs a New York City shelter that primarily aids members of the LGBTQ community - and his writing is giving him an even bigger outlet for his activism. Derek Chauvin is facing 22 and a half years in prison for the murder of George Floyd, the case that triggered international protests and call for greater racial reckoning. The former Minneapolis police officer was convicted on two charges of murder and one charge of manslaughter in April. The Biden administration’s $1.2 trillion bipartisan infrastructure agreement on spending to rebuild roads, bridges and other projects faces a critical week that could determine the scope of U.S. infrastructure investment. U.S. Vice President Kamala Harris traveled to El Paso, Texas, on her first official visit to the U.S. southern border on Friday. Her focus – following up on her Guatemala and Mexico trips and seeing firsthand the detention centers that hold migrants and how U.S. Customs and Border Patrol is managing the situation. U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken arrived in Vatican City Monday, after being warmly welcomed in France and Germany. Blinken is meeting with the Pope and top Italian leaders as he participates in ministerial meeting on Syria, defeating Islamic State fighters and he's to attend a G-20 meeting. No Paris, Rome, or Latin America. The most popular honeymoon destinations became hard to reach for average American couples during the pandemic. So where do newlyweds go to after getting married? Valentina Vasileva has the story, narrated by Anna Rice
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Africa 54 - June 23, VOA Africa Africa 54, your daily news and feature magazine-style program, from the Voice of America. Managing editor Vincent Makori and a team of correspondents zero in on the big stories making news on the continent and around the world with context and analysis. Top Stories: The United Nations is calling Burkina Faso's 1.2 million Internally Displaced People the world's fastest growing humanitarian crisis, but the government is refusing to recognize thousands of IDP'S, who get no support. And media access has been closed to over one million IDP's living in official camps. Henry Wilkins follows a day in the life of one such IDP in this report from Ouagadougou. Sudan is asking the United Nations Security Council to meet and discuss a dispute over a giant dam being built by Ethiopia on the Blue Nile. Sudan's Foreign Minister Mariam Sadiq al-Mahdi is calling on the Security Council to hold a session as soon as possible to discuss the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam and "its impact on the safety and security of millions of people", according to a government statement. In a letter to the council head, she called on him to urge Ethiopia to stop the "unilateral" filling of the dam "which exacerbates the dispute and poses a threat to regional and international peace and security." .... Dozens of militia fighters in the Democratic Republic of Congo have laid down their weapons and surrendered. They are the first to do so since President Felix Tshisekedi announced martial law to tackle worsening security in two eastern provinces. Around 140 men from various local armed groups sang and clapped as they handed themselves in to authorities Monday during a ceremony in Congo's North Kivu province. Some 70 weather-beaten weapons, mostly rifles, were also turned in. Congo's mineral-rich east has been shuddered to a halt with conflict since the official end to the country's second civil war in 2003. .... The World Health Organization says it is setting up a "tech transfer hub" in South Africa so that companies from poor and middle-income countries can access the technology to manufacture the most advanced COVID-19 vaccines. Okwi Okoha has more. When COVID-19 hit, the world was not ready. The pandemic showed us major gaps in our preparation and ability to respond to the virus. Health experts say we will have another one. VOA's Carol Pearson reports that it doesn't have to be as bad as COVID-19. Sameul Dhol Ayuen fled South Sudan as a teenager. Now, he is helping his host country, Uganda, to fight rising cases of COVID-19 at a hospital in Kampala. David Doyle has more. The U.S. will not reach President Joe Biden's goal of partially or fully vaccinating 70 percent of adults by the July 4th Independence Day holiday, according to the White House. U.S. officials are focusing vaccination education efforts on Americans who remain skeptical about the vaccine. VOA's Congressional Correspondent Katherine Gypson has more. In northern Cameroon, councils of traditional rulers were customarily all men but in the last two years have opened to women. These pioneer female deputy chiefs are battling early marriage in a region with Cameroon’s highest rate of child marriage. Moki Edwin Kindzeka narrates this report by Anne Nzouankeu in Mokolo, Cameroon. Africa is projected to recover in 2021 from its worst economic recession caused by the global pandemic COVID–19, according to a report by the Africa development bank released earlier this year. Most economies are reopening with people on the continent getting vaccinated, and now American companies are discussing Africa as a business destination. For more insight, Africa 54's tech correspondent Paul Ndiho, via Skype, spoke with Scott Eisner, president of the U.S.-Africa Business Center, at the U.S. Chamber of Commerce based in Washington, D.C.
mercredi 23 juin 2021
mardi 22 juin 2021
BBC Kenneth Kaunda: Zambia's independence hero Kenneth Kaunda was one of the pioneer leaders of a new Africa, as countries threw off colonialism in favour of independent statehood. A man of great personal charm, he was hailed as a modernising force in the continent despite his initial rejection of the concept of multiparty democracy. As a committed pan-Africanist, he began the task of building a new Zambia, free to determine its own way in international affairs. But poor economic management caused his popularity to plummet, and he was voted out of office when free elections were held in 1991. Kenneth David Kaunda was born on 28 April 1924 at a mission station near the border between what was then Northern Rhodesia and the Congo. IMAGE COPYRIGHTGETTY IMAGES image captionKaunda was strongly influenced by the policies of Martin Luther King His father, an ordained Church of Scotland minister, died while he was still a child, leaving the family in straitened circumstances. But the young Kaunda's academic ability won him a place in the first secondary school to be formed in Northern Rhodesia, and he later became a teacher. His work took him to the country's Copperbelt region and to Southern Rhodesia, now Zimbabwe, where for the first time he experienced, and deeply resented, the full impact of white domination. One of his first political acts was to become a vegetarian in protest at a policy that forced Africans to go to a separate window at butchers' to buy meat. In 1953 he became the general secretary of the Northern Rhodesian African National Congress but the organisation failed to mobilise black Africans against the white-ruled Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland. image captionKaunda appearing on the BBC's Brains Trust in 1960 Two years later he was imprisoned, with hard labour, for distributing leaflets that the authorities deemed subversive. Disillusioned with what he saw as the failure of his party to take a stronger line on the rights of indigenous Africans, Kaunda set up his own party, the Zambian African National Congress. Within a year it was banned and Kaunda was back in prison. His incarceration turned him into a radical. By 1960 he had become the leader of the new United National Independence Party (Unip) and, fired with enthusiasm following a visit to Martin Luther King in the US, he began his own programme of civil disobedience which involved blocking roads and burning buildings. Kaunda stood as a Unip candidate in the 1962 elections which saw an uneasy coalition with the African National Congress (ANC) take power in the legislature. IMAGE COPYRIGHTGETTY IMAGES image captionHe became the first Prime Minister of the newly created Northern Rhodesia The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland was dissolved at the end of 1963 and, a month later, Kaunda was elected prime minister of Northern Rhodesia. The country, renamed as Zambia, gained full independence in Oct 1964 with Kaunda as its first president. Kaunda started with the great advantage of leading an African state with a stronger economic base than any of its neighbours but there was a shortage of native Zambians who had the skills and training to run the country. His position was also gravely imperilled by Ian Smith's unilateral declaration of independence in Southern Rhodesia. Political opposition The policy of sanctions imposed by the British government on the breakaway country proved at least as damaging to the Zambian economy. In the circumstances, Kaunda found it increasingly difficult to sustain his reputation for moderation - though his calls for British military intervention were no shriller than those of leaders of other African states whose interests were less directly threatened. In 1969, at huge cost, he nationalised the copper mines, which accounted for 90% of the country's foreign exchange earnings. But the price of copper collapsed, imported oil prices soared, and the economy, already weakened, was soon in serious trouble. IMAGE COPYRIGHTGETTY IMAGES image captionA fall in the price of copper undermined the Zambian economy At the time of independence Zambia was one of the richest countries in sub-Saharan Africa, but by 1991 it had debts of $8bn. Kaunda was not slow in taking a firm line against political opposition. In 1972 he declared a one-party state, a situation that was not relaxed until 1991, when free elections were held. "It would have been disastrous for Zambia if we had gone multiparty," he once said, "because these parties would have been used by those opposed to Zambia's participation in the freedom struggle." Peaceful evolution As chairman of the six frontline states in the campaign against apartheid, he led opposition first to Ian Smith in Rhodesia and then the regime in South Africa. Nevertheless, he continued to work for a settlement in Rhodesia, and had meetings with South African leaders John Vorster, PW Botha and FW de Klerk. He harboured political exiles from South Africa in his country, and clashed with Margaret Thatcher in particular, over her opposition to sanctions against the apartheid regime. It was an issue that threatened the very future of the Commonwealth. IMAGE COPYRIGHTGETTY IMAGES image captionHe worked with South Africa's leaders to find a solution to the Rhodesia problem In the new Africa's political spectrum he was a moderate, dedicated to multiracialism, and always hoped for a peaceful evolution that would accommodate white Africans as well as black. In contrast, he remained a staunch defender of the Zimbabwean President Robert Mugabe's policy of land reform, under which white farmers were driven from the country, resulting in economic meltdown. "I've been saying it all along, please do not demonise Robert Mugabe. I'm not saying the methods he's using are correct, but he was put under great pressure." Rejected The cracks began to appear in Kaunda's rule in late 1980. There were reports of an attempt to overthrow his government, and a dusk-to-dawn curfew was imposed over much of the country. During the next 10 years, two further attempts to topple him were reported. The last of these, in the summer of 1990, followed food riots in the capital, Lusaka, and the Copperbelt region, over the government's crash austerity programme. More than 20 people died in three days of rioting, and the security forces stormed the campus of Zambia University and closed it down to stifle unrest. IMAGE COPYRIGHTAFP image captionBy the time he travelled to Cuba in 1989 his grip on power was slipping Kaunda was coming under increasing pressure both from inside Zambia and from the wider world to introduce real democracy. Eventually he agreed and called elections on 31 October 1991. From the moment that campaigning began, it was clear that he was in trouble, and there was little surprise when the voters rejected him in favour of the Movement for Multi-Party Democracy, led by Frederick Chiluba. But he still had great influence in Zambia and the new government perceived him as a threat. Kaunda was arrested on charges of treason in 1997, although the new government was forced to back down after international pressure. A later attempt to have him declared stateless was eventually thrown out by the courts. IMAGE COPYRIGHTALAMY image captionHe was a close ally of the late Zimbabwean leader Robert Mugabe He turned his attention to the fight against HIV and Aids and was the first African leader to publicly admit that one of his sons, Masuzyo, had died of an Aids-related disease. A prolific writer, he published a number of books advancing his ideology of African Socialism, which was picked up by other African leaders including Kwame Nkrumah in Ghana and Julius Nyerere in Tanzania. Away from politics Kaunda was a keen ballroom dancer and, in 2011, was spotted as an enthusiastic audience member at a performance of Dancing with the Stars, the international version of Strictly Come Dancing. He was also an accomplished guitar player and composed liberation songs which he played as he travelled the country to drum up support for the campaign against colonial rule. In the main Kenneth Kaunda avoided much of the strife that was seen in other newly independent African nations and succeeded in uniting the disparate parts of his country under his slogan One Zambia, One Nation. But his economic policies turned a country that had huge earnings potential into a state in which poverty remained widespread and life expectancy was among the lowest in the world
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Wikipedia:Amadou Lamine-Guèye This article is about the politician. For the alpine skier of the same name, see Lamine Guèye (skier). Amadou Lamine-Guèye (20 September 1891 in Médine, French Sudan – 10 June 1968 in Dakar) was a Senegalese politician who became leader of the Parti Sénégalais de l'Action Socialiste ("Senegalese Party of Socialist Action"). In 1945 he and his associate, Léopold Sédar Senghor, were elected to represent Senegal in the French National Assembly. Gueye was also elected to the French Senate in 1958. He gave his name to the 1946 Lamine Guèye law (Loi Lamine Guèye) which granted French citizenship to all inhabitants of France's overseas colonies. Amadou Lamine-Guèye Lamine-Guèye (pictured centre) at a meeting of Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie in 1967 1st President of the National Assembly (Senegal)[1] In office 1960 – June 10, 1968 Preceded by Office created Succeeded by Amadou Cissé Dia Senator (France) In office 8 June 1958 – 15 July 1959 French MP Senegal In office 10 November 1946 – 4 July 1951 Serving with Léopold Senghor Personal details Born September 20, 1891 Médine, French Sudan Died June 10, 1968 (aged 76) Dakar, Senegal Political party Senegalese Party of Socialist Action Other political affiliations Socialist Party (France) Relatives Lamine Guèye (grandson) Profession Lawyer Early life Amadou Lamine-Guèye was born in Médine, French Sudan (now part of Mali), on 20 September 1891. He was educated in France, where he graduated as a lawyer in 1921.[2] Political career Mural of Lamine-Guèye in Dakar, Senegal Upon his return to Africa, Guèye founded a political party[clarification needed] and became mayor of Saint-Louis, Senegal, in 1924.[2] He became leader of the French Socialist Party in Senegal in 1937, and was elected as one of two Senegalese representatives to the National Assembly alongside Léopold Senghor in 1944. He was elected once again the following year, and also became mayor of Dakar.[2] Guèye pursued what would become known as the Lamine Guèye law (Loi Lamine Guèye), which sought to give equal rights to all natives of French overseas territories. This was enacted on May 7, 1946.[3] Guèye lost his seat in the Assembly in 1951 elections after Senghor left to form his own party. Guèye reconciled with Senghor, and was once again elected in 1958. A year later, he was elected as the first President of the independent National Assembly of Senegal.[2] Death He died in Dakar on 10 June 1968. At the time, he was the President of the National Assembly.[4] Family and private life He was the grandfather of Senegalese alpine skier Lamine Guèye.[5] See also List of mayors of Dakar Timeline of Dakar References ^ "Assemblée nationale - Les députés, le vote de la loi, le Parlement Sénégalais". May 12, 2019. Archived from the original on May 12, 2019. ^ a b c d "Lamine-Gueye Biography". Bookrags. Retrieved 16 October 2016. ^ "La Loi Lamine Gueye de 7 Mai 1946 Qui Fit Des Camrounais Des Citoyens Francais et la Reaction Hostile de Charles de Gaulle" (in French). Camber.be. Retrieved 16 October 2016. ^ "Senegalese Speaker Dies". Liberian Star 1968-06-11: 1. ^ "Le billet de Paul Wermus : Lamine Gueye"Archived 2008-05-03 at the Wayback Machine, France Soir, April 23, 2008 External links Works by or about Amadou Lamine-Guèye at Internet Archive Biography on the French Senate website
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